what is the best defense against drones?

The best defense against drones depends on the specific threat level, environment, and use case (military, security, private, or commercial). Various countermeasures, from non-kinetic solutions to kinetic systems, are available, and the choice often depends on factors like range, precision, effectiveness, cost, and legality.

But Radio frequency and GNSS jammers are the most common directed-energy method for jamming drones.

1. Radio Frequency (RF) Jamming

The most common and widely used method of jamming drones is through RF interference. This method targets the communication signals between the drone and its operator or the drone’s control system.

How RF Jamming Works:

• Control Signal Jamming: Drones typically use RF signals to communicate with the operator, often on frequencies such as 2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz. By transmitting a stronger signal on the same frequency, an RF jammer can block or disrupt the drone’s connection to the operator.
• GPS Signal Jamming: Drones often rely on GPS for navigation and stabilization. RF jammers can also target GPS frequencies (typically around 1.5 GHz) to confuse or disrupt the drone’s location tracking, causing it to lose its position or return to its starting point.

2. GNSS jammers

Global Navigation Satellite System also known as GNSS refers to a system that includes individual satellite navigation systems such as China's BeiDou, GPS (Global Positioning System), GLONASS (Russia), and Galileo (Europe), as well as their enhanced versions.

 It can also refer to the combined and integrated systems of all these satellite navigation and positioning systems along with their augmentation systems. In other words, GNSS is a large system composed of multiple satellite navigation systems and their enhancement systems. GNSS operates as a radio navigation system using artificial satellites as navigation beacons.